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Description
Hetalia © by Hidekaz Himaruya

German-Danish War/2nd Schleswig War of 1864.
Background: Prussian troops assaulting the Danes, going up the earth-ramparts of one of the Dybbøl skanser.

I didn't draw a Hetalia-fanart of the German war of 1866, yet.

Here's my Hetalia-fanart of some german troops, of course under prussian lead, of 1870/71: fav.me/d8vqy8s

The german allies, Prussia and Austria, wore white armbands as common mark in tribute of the joint struggle against Napoleon
In addition, they both wore oak-leafs as a marking for war on their headwear.
Prussia/Gilbert wears the uniform of the 3. Garde-Regiment on Foot (3rd Guard-Regiment on Foot; Garde-Doppellitzen (double gorget-patches of the guard and yellow epaulettes). The prussian army was testing its new equipment in its first modern war.
Boots with a very short bootlegs were distributed which proved poor regarding the snow and mud of the danish winter. Thus, those prussian soldiers who happened to wear these boots, wore large and warming socks of wool they stuffed their trouser-legs in. Of course, the colourful socks jutted out of the bootlegs, then.
Prussia had as well introduced the Dreyse-Zündnadelgewehr (Dreyse needle-gun) and new Krupp-made cannons. Thus, its army had the first and most modern breech-loading weapons of its time.
Prussia/Gilbert wears the so called “Sturmanzug” (lit. assault-suit), the ordered equipment for an assault on the opponent’s fortified position. The heavy loaded backpack and its suspender-like leathern harness were taken off. Cloak and billy-can were taken off the backpack. Then, the cloak was wrapped into a great cloth and shouldered athwart the torso and the billy-can was strapped at the back on the cloak-roll. Additionally, the heavy Pickelhaube (spicked helmet) was changed for the light cloth-cap, the Krätzchen. Officers wore a peaked-cap.

Austria/Roderich wears the uniform of the hungarian-originated K.u.k. Husaren-Regiment Nr. 9, later “Graf Nádasdy” (Imperial and royal Hussar-Regiment Nr. 9, later “Count Nádasdy”). It’s owner (only to honour/formal, not the commander) was Franz Prince von und zu Liechtenstein, at that time. Thus, they were called “Liechtenstein-Hussars”. They had their shakos covered with white cloth and had a white wrap.

I now as good as nothing about danish military history.

Netherlands and Switzerland/Vash as observers of the Red Cross, thus the notebooks.

In 2014, the events of the war were the base of the danish TV-series "1864".

Summary
The German-Danish War lasted from 1. February to 30. October 1864.
Prussia and Austria lost about 1.700-2.200, Denmark about 5.600-5.800 due to death, wounding or POW.
In Denmark, the war is called 2nd Schleswig War (2. Slesvigse Krig) which marked the end of Denmark as european power and was the last war Denmark fought in Europe. Recalling and remembering this event historically is much more important in Denmark than in Germany or Austria. The 18th February, the day of the decisive Battle of Dybbøl (ger. Düppel), is a military remembrance day in Denmark.

Back then, Denmark changed its constitution to fully incorporate Schleswig and Holstein into the danish state. The Deutscher Bund (German Confederation) protested, which was followed by the war of Prussia and Austria against Denmark.
The decisive battle was fought in the assault on the fortifications of Dybbøl (ger. Düppeler Schanzen/dan. Dybbøl skanser) by prussian troops.
The way of the solution of the Schleswig-Holstein-case between Prussia and Austria was the base for the struggle and secession between Prussia and the German Confederation, especially Austria.
Thus, the war counts as first of the three german Einigungskriege (Wars of Unification) of 1864, 1866, 1870-71 which lead to the proclamation of the Deutsches Reich (German Empire) on 18th January 1871. The new title of king Wilhelm I. of Prussia was “Deutscher Kaiser und König von Preußen” (German Emperor and King of Prussia).
The driving power behind the german unification was Austria’s rival as german superpower, the driving power in Prussia was the Ministerpräsident (minister-president) and first german Reichskanzler (Imperial Chancellor) Otto von Bismarck.

Prologue:
The origin of the conflict was the Schleswig-Holstein-case regarding the political and cultural affiliation to either Denmark or Germany/German Confederation (as loose confederation something like the successor of the Holy Roman Empire after the Napoleonic Wars, but without a common ruler/emperor).
Schleswig and Holstein had rebelled against danish rule from 1848-51, with prussian support, but were defeated in the end. In Denmark, this war is called the 1st Schleswig War (1. Slesvigske krig) or Treårskrigen.

In 1852, the Treaties of London established the reign of the danish king in personal-union as duke over the Duchies of Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg. However, only Schleswig was confirmed as true danish fief, while Holstein and Lauenburg were confirmed as members of the German Confederation. Especially, the sovereignty of the three Duchies as states was acknowledged and that Schleswig was constitutionally not to be bound closer to Denmark than Holstein.
However, the conflict lasted on between danish and german nationalists in Schleswig and Holstein.
In November 1864, the Christian IX., king of Denmark (and Duke of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg), signed a new constitution, the "Novemberforfatningen”, for Denmark and Schleswig, thus breaking the Treaties of London. It had been already created under his predecessor Friedrich VII. and was supposed to secure the unity of the Kingdom of Denmark as a greater nation.
As reaction, the Deutscher Bund (German Confederation) decided on the Bundesexekution (Confederated Execution) against its member-states Holstein and Lauenburg (which, like the danish fief Schleswig, were ruled by the king of Denmark as duke in personal-union). Saxony, Hannover, but especially Prussia and Austria sent troops for the Bundesheer (Confederated Army), which occupied the two countries.

Course of the War:
In the beginning, the german powers, in accordance with the Treaties of London, did not occupy the danish fief Schleswig, too.
But then, Prussia and Austria changed their attitude and set up a 48-hours ultimatum for Denmark to reverse the new constitution.
On 1st February 1864, after the ultimatum had expired, austro-prussian troops under superior command of prussian Generalfeldmarschall (field marshal general) Friedrich von Wrangel the river Eider (dan. Ejderen) and thus invaded Denmark.
This marked the beginning of the war of 1864.

The Prussians swiftly attacked the Danes at Missunde (dan. Mysunde) in order to cross the river Schlei (dan. Slien), but were thrown back.

At the same time, the Austrians advanced further under the command of Feldmarschalleutnant (field marshal lieutnant) Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Gablenz and victoriously battled the Danes on 3rd February 1863 at the King’s-hill (dan. Kongshøj/ger. Königshügel).

Meanwhile, winter started with lots of snow and ice.

The main role of the danish defence was taken by the legendary Dannevirke (ger. Danewerk). The base for this fortification had already been built in 500. Later, it protected the Danes of the Franks (ger. Franken). Due to extensions, the Dannevirke finally reached the length of about 30 km. In the Danish national myths, it took the great role of having never been fallen. Today, it’s located in the northern german federal country of Schleswig-Holstein.

The Prussians managed to cross the Schlei at another part. Together with the Austrians, the Danes were to be encircled in the Dannevirke.
The Danish superior commander, lieutenant general Christian Julius de Meza realized this and, that the incomplete fortifications would not withstand. As conclusion, he ordered the timely retreat of the danish army before it got surrounded.
The abandonment of the Dannevirke without any struggle shocked the danish public and especially the nationalist circles. Subsequently, de Meza was swiftly removed as superior commander. His successors were, in this order, Mathias Lüttichau, Georg Gerlach and, at the end of the war, Peter Frederik Steinmann.

On 6th February 1864, danish troops repelled the Austrians in the Battle at Sankelmark, or Battle at Oeversee, and thus secured the danish retreat.

The Danes retreated on the island of Als (ger. Alsen) and into the fortress of Fredericia, but Prussia and Austria followed them persistently. The Prussians marched towards Sønderborg (ger. Sonderburg) and Als, the Austrians towards Flensburg (dan. Flensborg) and Fredericia.

To prevent the Prussians of crossing over on the island of Als, the Danes entrenched themselves into the ten fortifications of Dybbøl (ger. Düppeler Schanzen/dan. Dybbøl skanser) on the hill of Dybbøl (ger. Düppeler Anhöhe/dan. Dybbøl Banke) between the Flensburg Firth (ger. Flensburger Förde/dan. Flensburg Fjord) and the sea-strait of Alssund (ger. Alsensund/dan. Als Sund) in the bay at the city of Sønderborg (ger. Sonderburg).

The Prussians under prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia, nicknamed “Roter Prinz” (Red Prince) due to his red uniform of the Leib-Garde-Husaren (Body-Guard-Hussars), besieged the danish positions for about five weeks. The fortifications and Sønderborg were shelled with heavy artillery while prussian pioneers dug trenches towards the Danes. In the end, there were only about 400 m between the prussian and the danish trenches and only about 200 m to the foremost fortifications. Prussian attacks drove the Danes out of their outposts, but were repelled at the main entrenchments.
At this point, the elderly and already slightly senile prussian general-field-marshal von Wrangel had been relieved as austro-prussian superior commander. The plans and strategy had been created by Generalmajor (major general) Helmuth von Moltke, the prussian Generalstabschef (chief of general-staff), anyways.

On 17th march 1864, prussian navy ships were driven back to Świnoujście (ger. Swinemünde) in the Sea-battle at Jasmund (or Sea-battle at Rügen).

On 18th April 1864 at 10.00 a.m. after long and heavy barrage of the artillery, out of their trenches, outnumbering prussian soldiers started the decisive assault on the fortifications of Dybbøl. They were accompanied by brass-music from the trenches by their Musikcorps (musical corps) under Musikdirektor (musical director) Johann Gottfried Piefke.
In addition to the firefights, the soldiers mainly went into a fierce and bloody close-combat with bayonets, rifle-butts and sabres in and outside the entrenchments. The battle lasted for over three hours. Then, despite a brave counter-attack by the danish 8th brigade, the danish positions on Dybbøl were eventually taken completely by the Prussians.
In German, the battle is called “Erstürmung der Düppeler Schanzen“ (Assault on the Dybbøl-fortifications), in Danish “Slaget ved Dybbøl“ (Battle at Dybbøl).
Both sides lost about 2.900 men in total through death and wounding, over 3.000 Danes got POW.

The danish troops withdrew on Als, thus the main body of the danish army was stuck on this island.
With this battle, the course war was practically decided in favour of the german allies Prussia and Austria. But Denmark kept on fighting desperately, senselessly hoping e.g. for help by neutral England.

However, the Battle at Dybbøl played an important non-military, civil role, too. It was the first engagement of the international medical organisation of the Red Cross, which had been founded in Switzerland in regard of treating wounded soldiers just shortly before the war, mainly due to the Swiss Henry Dunant. The Swiss Louis Appia, with the Prussians, and the Dutch Charles van der Velde, with the Danes, conducted just an observation, though. In the Deutscher Krieg (German War/Austro-Prussian War) of 1866, the Red Cross had its first medical engagement.

On 25th April 1864, the Danish fortress Fredericia was abandoned after heavy siege by the Austrians.

On 9th May 1864, the Sea-skirmish at Heligoland (ger. Helgoland) of three Danish ships under Orlog-captain Edouard Suenson against a joint austro-prussian naval squadron of five ships.
Two Austrian ships under Linienschiffskapitän (ship-of-the-line captain) Wilhelm von Tegetthoff were sent as reinforcements for three Prussian ships under Korvettenkapitän (corvette captain) Gustav Klatt of the weak prussian navy.
In the course of the naval skirmish, the austrian flagship SMS Schwarzenberg (SMS = Seiner Majestät Schiff”/eng. HMS = His/Her Majesty Ship) caught fire and von Tegetthoff ordered the withdrawal to the neutral territorial waters around the island of Heligoland, which was still british, back then.
The Danes could not stop or chase the austro-prussian squadron, because the danish flagship Jylland had got damaged at its rudder and the british ship Aurora guarded the british territorial waters.
The battle had no effect on the further course of the war. 46-54 people died in total.

On 12th May 1864, a first armistice was signed in London. But the territories of Schleswig and Holstein were to be separated, so Denmark turned down the agreement.
The city of Sønderborg behind Dybbøl was bombarded by prussian artillery, again, then the island of Als, too.

On 29th June 1864, the Prussians managed to cross onto Als and occupied it in the following battle.

On 3rd July 1864, danish troops attacked the Prussians at Lundby in Northern Jylland (dan. Nordjylland/ger. Nordjütland). It was the last battle in the German-Danish War.

On 14th July 1864, the Prussians occupied Jylland (ger. Jütland), a great danish territory, completely,

On 30. October 1864, the Peace Treaty of Vienna was signed, eventually ending the war.

Consequences:
Denmark had to hand over the duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg fully to the Deutscher Bund (German Confederation), ending the rule of the danish king as duke in personal-union.
The Duchy of Schleswig the new Duchy of Saxony-Lauenburg got under prussian, the Duchy of Holstein under austrian rule.
Originally, king Christian IX. had even offered that Denmark joined the German Confederation completely, but was declined.

Already two years later, in 1866, Prussia invaded Holstein, causing its leave of the German Confederation. Furthermore, the Deutscher Krieg (German War) between Prussia and its allies, i.a. the young Kingdom of Italy (Regno d’Italia), and the remaining German Confederation under Austria’s lead.
Following the Prussian victory at Königgrätz (Sadowa), the Prussian dominated Norddeutscher Bund (Northern German Confederation) was founded, ending austro-prussian dualism of the german countries. In course of the Franco-German War (Guerre Franco-prussienne) of 1870/71, the remaining southern german countries joined, too, and the Deutsches Reich (German Empire) was founded (see above).

Description
Hetalia © by Hidekaz Himaruya

German-Danish War/2nd Schleswig War of 1864.
Background: Prussian troops assaulting the Danes, going up the earth-ramparts of one of the Dybbøl skanser.

I didn't draw a Hetalia-fanart of the German war of 1866, yet.

Here's my Hetalia-fanart of some german troops, of course under prussian lead, of 1870/71: fav.me/d8vqy8s

The german allies, Prussia and Austria, wore white armbands as common mark in tribute of the joint struggle against Napoleon
In addition, they both wore oak-leafs as a marking for war on their headwear.
Prussia/Gilbert wears the uniform of the 3. Garde-Regiment on Foot (3rd Guard-Regiment on Foot; Garde-Doppellitzen (double gorget-patches of the guard and yellow epaulettes). The prussian army was testing its new equipment in its first modern war.
Boots with a very short bootlegs were distributed which proved poor regarding the snow and mud of the danish winter. Thus, those prussian soldiers who happened to wear these boots, wore large and warming socks of wool they stuffed their trouser-legs in. Of course, the colourful socks jutted out of the bootlegs, then.
Prussia had as well introduced the Dreyse-Zündnadelgewehr (Dreyse needle-gun) and new Krupp-made cannons. Thus, its army had the first and most modern breech-loading weapons of its time.
Prussia/Gilbert wears the so called “Sturmanzug” (lit. assault-suit), the ordered equipment for an assault on the opponent’s fortified position. The heavy loaded backpack and its suspender-like leathern harness were taken off. Cloak and billy-can were taken off the backpack. Then, the cloak was wrapped into a great cloth and shouldered athwart the torso and the billy-can was strapped at the back on the cloak-roll. Additionally, the heavy Pickelhaube (spicked helmet) was changed for the light cloth-cap, the Krätzchen. Officers wore a peaked-cap.

Austria/Roderich wears the uniform of the hungarian-originated K.u.k. Husaren-Regiment Nr. 9, later “Graf Nádasdy” (Imperial and royal Hussar-Regiment Nr. 9, later “Count Nádasdy”). It’s owner (only to honour/formal, not the commander) was Franz Prince von und zu Liechtenstein, at that time. Thus, they were called “Liechtenstein-Hussars”. They had their shakos covered with white cloth and had a white wrap.

I now as good as nothing about danish military history.

Netherlands and Switzerland/Vash as observers of the Red Cross, thus the notebooks.

In 2014, the events of the war were the base of the danish TV-series "1864".

Summary
The German-Danish War lasted from 1. February to 30. October 1864.
Prussia and Austria lost about 1.700-2.200, Denmark about 5.600-5.800 due to death, wounding or POW.
In Denmark, the war is called 2nd Schleswig War (2. Slesvigse Krig) which marked the end of Denmark as european power and was the last war Denmark fought in Europe. Recalling and remembering this event historically is much more important in Denmark than in Germany or Austria. The 18th February, the day of the decisive Battle of Dybbøl (ger. Düppel), is a military remembrance day in Denmark.

Back then, Denmark changed its constitution to fully incorporate Schleswig and Holstein into the danish state. The Deutscher Bund (German Confederation) protested, which was followed by the war of Prussia and Austria against Denmark.
The decisive battle was fought in the assault on the fortifications of Dybbøl (ger. Düppeler Schanzen/dan. Dybbøl skanser) by prussian troops.
The way of the solution of the Schleswig-Holstein-case between Prussia and Austria was the base for the struggle and secession between Prussia and the German Confederation, especially Austria.
Thus, the war counts as first of the three german Einigungskriege (Wars of Unification) of 1864, 1866, 1870-71 which lead to the proclamation of the Deutsches Reich (German Empire) on 18th January 1871. The new title of king Wilhelm I. of Prussia was “Deutscher Kaiser und König von Preußen” (German Emperor and King of Prussia).
The driving power behind the german unification was Austria’s rival as german superpower, the driving power in Prussia was the Ministerpräsident (minister-president) and first german Reichskanzler (Imperial Chancellor) Otto von Bismarck.

Prologue:
The origin of the conflict was the Schleswig-Holstein-case regarding the political and cultural affiliation to either Denmark or Germany/German Confederation (as loose confederation something like the successor of the Holy Roman Empire after the Napoleonic Wars, but without a common ruler/emperor).
Schleswig and Holstein had rebelled against danish rule from 1848-51, with prussian support, but were defeated in the end. In Denmark, this war is called the 1st Schleswig War (1. Slesvigske krig) or Treårskrigen.

In 1852, the Treaties of London established the reign of the danish king in personal-union as duke over the Duchies of Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg. However, only Schleswig was confirmed as true danish fief, while Holstein and Lauenburg were confirmed as members of the German Confederation. Especially, the sovereignty of the three Duchies as states was acknowledged and that Schleswig was constitutionally not to be bound closer to Denmark than Holstein.
However, the conflict lasted on between danish and german nationalists in Schleswig and Holstein.
In November 1864, the Christian IX., king of Denmark (and Duke of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg), signed a new constitution, the "Novemberforfatningen”, for Denmark and Schleswig, thus breaking the Treaties of London. It had been already created under his predecessor Friedrich VII. and was supposed to secure the unity of the Kingdom of Denmark as a greater nation.
As reaction, the Deutscher Bund (German Confederation) decided on the Bundesexekution (Confederated Execution) against its member-states Holstein and Lauenburg (which, like the danish fief Schleswig, were ruled by the king of Denmark as duke in personal-union). Saxony, Hannover, but especially Prussia and Austria sent troops for the Bundesheer (Confederated Army), which occupied the two countries.

Course of the War:
In the beginning, the german powers, in accordance with the Treaties of London, did not occupy the danish fief Schleswig, too.
But then, Prussia and Austria changed their attitude and set up a 48-hours ultimatum for Denmark to reverse the new constitution.
On 1st February 1864, after the ultimatum had expired, austro-prussian troops under superior command of prussian Generalfeldmarschall (field marshal general) Friedrich von Wrangel the river Eider (dan. Ejderen) and thus invaded Denmark.
This marked the beginning of the war of 1864.

The Prussians swiftly attacked the Danes at Missunde (dan. Mysunde) in order to cross the river Schlei (dan. Slien), but were thrown back.

At the same time, the Austrians advanced further under the command of Feldmarschalleutnant (field marshal lieutnant) Ludwig Karl Wilhelm von Gablenz and victoriously battled the Danes on 3rd February 1863 at the King’s-hill (dan. Kongshøj/ger. Königshügel).

Meanwhile, winter started with lots of snow and ice.

The main role of the danish defence was taken by the legendary Dannevirke (ger. Danewerk). The base for this fortification had already been built in 500. Later, it protected the Danes of the Franks (ger. Franken). Due to extensions, the Dannevirke finally reached the length of about 30 km. In the Danish national myths, it took the great role of having never been fallen. Today, it’s located in the northern german federal country of Schleswig-Holstein.

The Prussians managed to cross the Schlei at another part. Together with the Austrians, the Danes were to be encircled in the Dannevirke.
The Danish superior commander, lieutenant general Christian Julius de Meza realized this and, that the incomplete fortifications would not withstand. As conclusion, he ordered the timely retreat of the danish army before it got surrounded.
The abandonment of the Dannevirke without any struggle shocked the danish public and especially the nationalist circles. Subsequently, de Meza was swiftly removed as superior commander. His successors were, in this order, Mathias Lüttichau, Georg Gerlach and, at the end of the war, Peter Frederik Steinmann.

On 6th February 1864, danish troops repelled the Austrians in the Battle at Sankelmark, or Battle at Oeversee, and thus secured the danish retreat.

The Danes retreated on the island of Als (ger. Alsen) and into the fortress of Fredericia, but Prussia and Austria followed them persistently. The Prussians marched towards Sønderborg (ger. Sonderburg) and Als, the Austrians towards Flensburg (dan. Flensborg) and Fredericia.

To prevent the Prussians of crossing over on the island of Als, the Danes entrenched themselves into the ten fortifications of Dybbøl (ger. Düppeler Schanzen/dan. Dybbøl skanser) on the hill of Dybbøl (ger. Düppeler Anhöhe/dan. Dybbøl Banke) between the Flensburg Firth (ger. Flensburger Förde/dan. Flensburg Fjord) and the sea-strait of Alssund (ger. Alsensund/dan. Als Sund) in the bay at the city of Sønderborg (ger. Sonderburg).

The Prussians under prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia, nicknamed “Roter Prinz” (Red Prince) due to his red uniform of the Leib-Garde-Husaren (Body-Guard-Hussars), besieged the danish positions for about five weeks. The fortifications and Sønderborg were shelled with heavy artillery while prussian pioneers dug trenches towards the Danes. In the end, there were only about 400 m between the prussian and the danish trenches and only about 200 m to the foremost fortifications. Prussian attacks drove the Danes out of their outposts, but were repelled at the main entrenchments.
At this point, the elderly and already slightly senile prussian general-field-marshal von Wrangel had been relieved as austro-prussian superior commander. The plans and strategy had been created by Generalmajor (major general) Helmuth von Moltke, the prussian Generalstabschef (chief of general-staff), anyways.

On 17th march 1864, prussian navy ships were driven back to Świnoujście (ger. Swinemünde) in the Sea-battle at Jasmund (or Sea-battle at Rügen).

On 18th April 1864 at 10.00 a.m. after long and heavy barrage of the artillery, out of their trenches, outnumbering prussian soldiers started the decisive assault on the fortifications of Dybbøl. They were accompanied by brass-music from the trenches by their Musikcorps (musical corps) under Musikdirektor (musical director) Johann Gottfried Piefke.
In addition to the firefights, the soldiers mainly went into a fierce and bloody close-combat with bayonets, rifle-butts and sabres in and outside the entrenchments. The battle lasted for over three hours. Then, despite a brave counter-attack by the danish 8th brigade, the danish positions on Dybbøl were eventually taken completely by the Prussians.
In German, the battle is called “Erstürmung der Düppeler Schanzen“ (Assault on the Dybbøl-fortifications), in Danish “Slaget ved Dybbøl“ (Battle at Dybbøl).
Both sides lost about 2.900 men in total through death and wounding, over 3.000 Danes got POW.

The danish troops withdrew on Als, thus the main body of the danish army was stuck on this island.
With this battle, the course war was practically decided in favour of the german allies Prussia and Austria. But Denmark kept on fighting desperately, senselessly hoping e.g. for help by neutral England.

However, the Battle at Dybbøl played an important non-military, civil role, too. It was the first engagement of the international medical organisation of the Red Cross, which had been founded in Switzerland in regard of treating wounded soldiers just shortly before the war, mainly due to the Swiss Henry Dunant. The Swiss Louis Appia, with the Prussians, and the Dutch Charles van der Velde, with the Danes, conducted just an observation, though. In the Deutscher Krieg (German War/Austro-Prussian War) of 1866, the Red Cross had its first medical engagement.

On 25th April 1864, the Danish fortress Fredericia was abandoned after heavy siege by the Austrians.

On 9th May 1864, the Sea-skirmish at Heligoland (ger. Helgoland) of three Danish ships under Orlog-captain Edouard Suenson against a joint austro-prussian naval squadron of five ships.
Two Austrian ships under Linienschiffskapitän (ship-of-the-line captain) Wilhelm von Tegetthoff were sent as reinforcements for three Prussian ships under Korvettenkapitän (corvette captain) Gustav Klatt of the weak prussian navy.
In the course of the naval skirmish, the austrian flagship SMS Schwarzenberg (SMS = Seiner Majestät Schiff”/eng. HMS = His/Her Majesty Ship) caught fire and von Tegetthoff ordered the withdrawal to the neutral territorial waters around the island of Heligoland, which was still british, back then.
The Danes could not stop or chase the austro-prussian squadron, because the danish flagship Jylland had got damaged at its rudder and the british ship Aurora guarded the british territorial waters.
The battle had no effect on the further course of the war. 46-54 people died in total.

On 12th May 1864, a first armistice was signed in London. But the territories of Schleswig and Holstein were to be separated, so Denmark turned down the agreement.
The city of Sønderborg behind Dybbøl was bombarded by prussian artillery, again, then the island of Als, too.

On 29th June 1864, the Prussians managed to cross onto Als and occupied it in the following battle.

On 3rd July 1864, danish troops attacked the Prussians at Lundby in Northern Jylland (dan. Nordjylland/ger. Nordjütland). It was the last battle in the German-Danish War.

On 14th July 1864, the Prussians occupied Jylland (ger. Jütland), a great danish territory, completely,

On 30. October 1864, the Peace Treaty of Vienna was signed, eventually ending the war.

Consequences:
Denmark had to hand over the duchies of Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg fully to the Deutscher Bund (German Confederation), ending the rule of the danish king as duke in personal-union.
The Duchy of Schleswig the new Duchy of Saxony-Lauenburg got under prussian, the Duchy of Holstein under austrian rule.
Originally, king Christian IX. had even offered that Denmark joined the German Confederation completely, but was declined.

Already two years later, in 1866, Prussia invaded Holstein, causing its leave of the German Confederation. Furthermore, the Deutscher Krieg (German War) between Prussia and its allies, i.a. the young Kingdom of Italy (Regno d’Italia), and the remaining German Confederation under Austria’s lead.
Following the Prussian victory at Königgrätz (Sadowa), the Prussian dominated Norddeutscher Bund (Northern German Confederation) was founded, ending austro-prussian dualism of the german countries. In course of the Franco-German War (Guerre Franco-prussienne) of 1870/71, the remaining southern german countries joined, too, and the Deutsches Reich (German Empire) was founded (see above).